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Flow Through Orifice Calculator Update Your VersionPlease either update your version of Internet Explorer, or use a more up to date browser.Continuing to use this site means you agree to our use of cookies.
If youd like to learn more about our cookie policy please click here. If you dont receive an email shortly, please check the email address and try again or contact your local Sales Service Center. The valve flow coefficient (C v ) is a convenient way to represent flow capacity of a valve across a range of fluids and process parameters. The C v calculator will calculate either C v or flow using the supplied additional parameters of fluid, inlet and outlet pressure, and fluid temperature. The calculations can be performed for either liquid or gas flow. Choosing a valve with a C v value sufficiently larger than the calculated C v will help provide expected flow performance. Function, material compatibility, adequate ratings, proper installation, operation, and maintenance are the responsibilities of the system designer and user. For instance, the effective diameter of a sharp-edged orifice is 0.65 of the actual diameter. On the other hand, when an orifice has a leading-edge radius matching the orifice diameter, effective diameter equals the orifice diameter. Thus, the so-called orifice coefficient can vary between 0.65 and 1.0, depending on the radius of the leading-edge. This is significant because flow through an orifice is proportional to the diameter squared. Thus, the flow may be reduced to as little as 0.65 2, or 44, of theoretical full flow, depending on the shape of the leading edge. ![]() The best way to determine the diameter required to produce a particular restriction is to first estimate the diameter. Then test an orifice from a range of orifices which have consistent leading-edge shapes, for the given fluid and flow conditions. Note that the constant (which accounts for the orifice coefficient) only applies for a particular set of flow conditions, fluid, and units. For example, if pressure is measured at different points on a gas-flow test rig, a different constant might have to be established for each because pressure varies throughout a moving gas in an irregular channel. Liquid flow. For liquids where the pressure at the orifice is known in units of length (head): Q k h D 2 h where Q the mass flow rate in units of masstime, D orifice diameter in units of length, h head in units of length, and k h the flow constant. For liquids where units of pressure are used: Q k P D 2 P where Q mass flow rate in units of masstime, D orifice diameter in units of length, p pressure in units of masslength 2, and k P the flow constant. Note that the constants units, although not relevant, differ for units of pressure and units of head. Gas flow. Calculations for gas flow depend on whether flow is subsonic or supersonic. Supersonic flow is independent of downstream conditions because pressure waves cannot travel upstream faster than the speed of sound. For supersonic gas flow: where Q mass flow in units of masstime, D orifice diameter in units of length, p 1 upstream pressure in units of masslength 2, T 1 upstream absolute temperature, and k s the flow constant. For example: where n ratio of specific heats at constant pressure and constant volume, P 2 downstream pressure in units of masslength 2, and k g the flow constant. Rather than use this or other unwieldy equations and make the necessary assumptions about system conditions that may affect accuracy the simple solution is to use the supersonic equation and allow for a reduction in flow when making the initial estimate. In all these cases establish a constant as shown in the table. Penton Media, Inc. Flow Through Orifice Calculator Trial Connectivity BasicsLatest in Archive Sponsored Content Human Body Applications for Pressure Mapping Technology Jun 07, 2018 Sensors Sensors Are You a Machine Design Master Feb 15, 2017 Pop Quizzes Pop Quizzes Stratasys - Products, Best Practices Case Studies Feb 03, 2015 Archive Industrial Connectivity Basics Dec 16, 2014 Archive Sign up for Machine Design eNewsletters Sign Up Sponsored Content Automation IIoT Sensors Human Body Applications for Pressure Mapping Technology When it comes to designing consumer products, or human health safety equipment, a quantifiable measure of the human experience is vitally important to develo Jun 07, 2018 When it comes to designing consumer products, or human health safety equipment, a quantifiable measure of the human experience is vitally important to developing differentiated designs. Pressure mapping technology can help design engineers analyze how a human subject interacts with a product or device, how a wearable product fits and protects the subject, and other important aspects that may not be attainable through other methods. Download this eBook to learn how pressure mapping can be used in numerous consumer goods and health safety applications. All rights reserved.
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